Monday, January 17, 2022

POPULATION AND SAMPLE


POPULATION AND SAMPLE

Population and sample

In this section we discuss about concept of population and sample in statistics.

Concept of Population in Statistics

       In any statistical investigation, we are interested in studying the various characteristics of individuals (or items) of a particular group. This group of individuals under study is known as the population or universe. For example, if we wants to study the expenditure habits of the families in that city, then the population will consist of all the households in that city.

      Thus in statistics, population is the aggregate of objects, animate, or inanimate under study in any statistical investigation. It is thus a collection of individuals or of their values or of the results of operations which can be numerically specified.

Finite and Infinite Population

A population containing a finite number of objects or items is known as finite population. For example, the students in a college, the population of a city.

A population having an infinite number of objects or with the number of objects so large as to appear practically infinite is termed as infinite population. For example, the population of stars in the sky.

Existent and Hypothetical Populations

A population consisting of concrete objects is known as existent population. For example, the population of book in a library.

If the population consists of imaginary objects then it is called hypothetical population. For example, the population of the throws of a die thrown infinite number of times is hypothetical population

Concept of Sample in Statistics

A finite subset of population, selected from it with the objective of investigating its properties is called a sample. A sample is a representative part of the population. For example, when we want to study the life of electric bulbs produced by a company we select some bulbs and study their length of life. This selected number is the sample.

Size of the Sample

Number of sampling units selected from the population is called the size of the sample. If the size of the sample is small, it may not represent the universe. If the sample size is very large. It may require more time and money for investigation.

Characteristics of a Sample

·       Representativeness

·       Adequacy

·       Un biasedness

·       It should be optimum

·       May not be dependable.




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POPULATION AND SAMPLE

POPULATION AND SAMPLE Population and sample In this section we discuss about concept of population and sample in statistics. Concept o...